Structure of chromosome: An organism’s genome is typically divided

An organism’s genome is typically divided among a number of long DNA molecules called chromosomes. While prokaryotic genomes are typically made up of only one chromosome, eukaryotic genomes may have many. Human cells, for example, have 23 pairs of nuclear chromosomes (46 total) plus one mitochondrial chromosome. In most chromosomes, the very long thin DNA fibers are coated with nucleosome -forming packaging proteins; in eukaryotic cells, the most important of these proteins are the histones. Chromosomes are long strings of DNA wrapped around proteins to make them compact. Humans have 23 pairs of chromosomes, for a total of 46 chromosomes. Chromosome- Structure, Types and Functions In the nucleus of each cell, the DNA molecule is packaged into thread-like structures called chromosomes.Each chromosome is made up of DNA tightly coiled many times around proteins called histones that support its structure. They appear as rod shaped dark stained bodies during the metaphase stage of mitosis when cells are stained with a suitable basic dye and viewed under a light microscope.