Oedema vs Edema: Understanding the Term, Causes, Diagnosis and Treatment Options EllieB Interested in the difference between the terms “ oedema ” and “edema”? You’re not alone. This medical jargon often leaves non-medical individuals scratching their heads in confusion, especially when they appear to refer to the same condition. So what’s the deal here? Is there a difference between oedema and edema or are they simply two sides of the same coin? Understanding Edema: Basics and ... " Edema " is the medical term for swelling. Body parts swell from injury or inflammation. It can affect a small area or the entire body. Medications, pregnancy, infections, and many other medical ... Edema, or water retention, occurs when fluid builds up in the tissues of the body. Learn about edema here. Edema, also spelled oedema , is the build-up of fluid in the body's tissue, often affecting the legs or arms. It can have various causes, such as heart failure, kidney problems, infections, or medications, and may have different symptoms depending on the affected organ or area.