Fragmentation in os: When it happens that there are

When it happens that there are some free memory blocks but still not enough to load the process, then this condition is called fragmentation. Fragmentation in a memory is a condition where the available memory is divided into small and non-contiguous blocks after allocating and deallocating memory to various processes. In simpler words, fragmentation means there are some gaps in the memory after running multiple processes at random memory locations. Internal Fragmentation is the wastage of memory that occurs when fixed-sized memory blocks are allocated to processes, but the process does not use the entire allocated block. The unused portion inside the allocated block remains idle, resulting in poor memory utilization. How Internal Fragmentation is Caused? Fixed Block Allocation: When processes request memory, they are often assigned blocks larger than required. The unused space within the block is wasted. Uniform Block Sizes: If all ... Learn what fragmentation is and how it occurs in contiguous memory allocation. Compare internal and external fragmentation, their causes, effects, and solutions with examples.