Esophageal varices are dilated veins located within the lining of the lower end of the esophagus. They are most often caused by portal hypertension, which is typically a result of liver cirrhosis. Esophageal varices describe dilated submucosal veins of the esophagus , and are an important portosystemic collateral pathway. They are considered distinct from gastric varices , which are less common. Epidemiology Esophageal varices are present i... Oesophageal varices pose a silent yet potentially life-threatening health risk that demands immediate attention. These swollen veins in the oesophagus often show no warning signs until they begin to bleed, which can result in severe complications or even death if left untreated. Axial CT showing esophageal varices in liver cirrhosis with portal hypertension Dilated submucosal veins are the most prominent histologic feature of esophageal varices . The expansion of the submucosa leads to elevation of the mucosa above the surrounding tissue, which is apparent during endoscopy and is a key diagnostic feature. Evidence of recent variceal hemorrhage includes necrosis and ulceration of the mucosa. Evidence of past variceal hemorrhage includes inflammation and venous ...
