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Discover the principles of gel electrophoresis, its applications, and its significance in molecular biology and charge separation. Learn how to separate DNA, RNA, or proteins based on their size and charge using agarose gel electrophoresis. Find out the steps involved, the staining and visualization methods, and the applications in molecular biology, forensics, and medicine. Agarose gel electrophoresis is a simple and highly effective method for separating, identifying, and purifying 0.5 to 25 kb DNA fragments. Voltage applied at the ends of an agarose gel generates an electric field with a strength defined by the length of the gel and the potential difference at the ends (V/cm). The agarose gel electrophoresis equipment carries the electrophoresis chamber, gel caster, gel comb, electrodes, and clamps (labeled on the above figure). The gel electrophoresis chamber is made up of high-quality acrylic.
